彝族祭祖大典及其仪式与经书——以云南武定、禄劝彝区祭祖典礼为例
The Great Ancestral Ceremonies of the Yi and Their Rituals and Scriptures:
The Example of the Yi of Luquan and Wuding in Yunnan

　　中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院语言文学系

　　【摘要】祭祖大典——“耐姆”为彝族传统宗教祭祀礼中最重大的典礼，集中地体现和反映古代社会的典章制度和风俗礼仪。其间各种祭祀仪式纷繁复杂，需要念诵的经书种类众多，内容丰富多彩，各种仪式与经书紧密结合，构成整个典礼的主干与核心，具有精深的文化内涵，亟待探讨与研究。

　　关键词：彝族 祭祖大典 仪式 经书

　　Abstract

　　The great ceremony of ancestor worship—“nai mu” is one of the important sacrificial rituals in Yi traditional religion. The institution and customs of Yi ancient society are reflected and incarnated in it essentially. During the various rites, hundred kinds of ritual texts rich in content are chanted. Rituals and texts combine together to constitute the backbone and the core of the ritual. Its profoud cultural content is worth our urgent attention and research.

　　Keywords: The Yi People─The Great Ancestral Ceremonies─ritual─scriptures

　　作者简介：
　　朱崇先，长期从事少数民族语言文学专业的教学工作，主攻民族古籍整理与古典文献学，现任中央民族大学少数民族语言文学系副教授、硕士研究生导师、古籍文献教研室主任、“民族古籍文献现代化技术应用中心”（211工程子项目）负责人，兼任中国少数民族双语教学研究会秘书长、中国民族古文字研究会副秘书长。擅长古彝文及其经典释读、翻译与彝族传统文化研究。20年来在本学科的理论研究与专业教学中颇著成就，得到同行前辈专家的褒奖。先后出版著作十余部、发表论文数十篇，代表作有《彝族经籍文化辞典》、《彝族典籍文化研究》、《中国少数民族古典文献学》、《彝语王号“诏”与“庄”音义变异考》、《论彝学的形成与发展》等。

　　About the Author:
　　Zhu Chongxian, specializes in the collection of ethnic ancient books and classical philology The author has been engaged in the teaching and research of minority language and literature for more than 20 years. As associate professor, academic supervisor of postgraduates, director of classical philology teaching and research institute, chairman of “Application Centre of the Technology in National Classical philology (one of the subprograms of 211 project)” in the Central University of Nationalities and the secretary-general of Chinese National Bilingual Teaching Institute and vice secretary-general of the Chinese Epigraphic Seminar, he has published more than ten monographs and tens of academic articles which are highly appraised by senior experts and his colleagues. His representative works include Dictionary of Documentation Culture of Yi Ethnic Minority, Study on the Documentation Culture of Yi Natioality, Texts in Chinese Minority Scripts, the Variations of the Kings’ Names in the Yi Language and On the Formation and Development of the Study of Yi.