建立彝族聚居区“教育特区”促彝区经济发展的研究
Creating "Special Education Districts" to Promote Economic Development in Yi Areas

　　西昌学院彝族文化艺术研究所

　　【摘要】在凉山彝族自治州的彝族聚居区老九县，政府要依靠主体民族自身力量，因地制宜地建立“教育特区”体系。尤其在普九义务教育中，要坚持“一师一校”和“寄宿制”相结合的方法，在教学大纲上要增加《玛木特依》、《勒俄特依》和《彝族习惯法》等彝族历史文化经典内容。在老九县经济建设中要充分利用凉山的宝贵自然生态环境资源，在荒山荒地种树植草发挥彝族自古择山善养牛、羊、鸡的传统。政府要采用“逆向”向荒山荒地移民，降低开发的门槛，提供无偿资金和技术，使彝族人民有肉吃、有羊毛用，走一条富民强村，富村强镇，富镇强县，富县强州健康良性可持续发展之路。

　　关键词: 彝族教育特区，经济发展战略，可持续发展

　　Abstract

　　In the “nine old counties” in the area where Yi are concentrated in Liangshan Prefecture, the government should rely on the native abilityies of the local people and create a “special education district.” Particularly in the processs of universalizing 9 years of compulsory education, In particular, they should combine the “one teacher, one school,” and “boarding school” principles and include material such as the Yi classical texts Hmamu Teyy, and Hnewo Teyy, as well as Yi Customary Law in the curriculum. In constructing the economy of the “nine old counties,” they should make full use of the area’s valuable ecological and environmental resources, plantand trees and grass on bare areas to develop the traditional Yi reliance on sheep, cattle, and chickens. The government should go against the grain and move peoplee to barren areas, lower the barriers to development, offer interest-free loans and free technical advise, in order to enable Yi people to have meat to eat, and wool to use, and pursue a beneficial, healthy, and sustainable path of “rich people, strong village; rich village, strong township; rich township, strong county; rich county, strong prefecture.”

　　作者简介:
　　韦安多，1992年在凉山美姑县作彝族文化田野调查；1999年在凉山大学创办凉山彝族文化艺术研究所；2000年在凉山大学首创凉山彝族文化资源管理专业；2000年出版《凉山彝族文化艺术研究专辑》(凉山大学学报，25万字)，2003年出版《凉山彝族文化教育研究专辑》（凉山大学学报，25万字），2004年出版《凉山彝族文化艺术研究》（四川民族出版社，70万字）；2005年出版《凉山彝族经济发展战略研究》（民族出版社，15万字，国家计划发展委员会研究课题）。

　　About the Author:
　　Wei Anduo, Field investigation related to culture of Mei Gu county in Liang Shan 1992; established Institute of cultures and Arts of Yi Ethnic Minority research in Liang Shan University 1999; established a course of study in of cultural resources of Yi Ethnic Minority in Liang Shan University 2000. Books published include Research on culture and art of Yi Ethnic Minority in Liang Shan, 250,000 words. academic journal of Liang Shan University, 2000; Cultural and educational research of Yi Ethnic Minority in Liang Shan 250,000 words, 2003, academic journal of Liang Shan University, 2003. Research on culture and art of Yi Ethnic Minority in Liangshan, 700,000 words, Ethnic publishing house of Sichuan 2004. Strategic studies of economic development of Yi Ethnic Minority in Liang Shan, 150,000 words National ethnic publishing house 2005. Research project sponsored by the state planning and development committee.