现代化背景下彝族毕摩文化保护与传承的思考
Preservation and Inheritance of Yi Bimo Culture against
the Background of Modernization
普珍 Pu Zhen (普黑乙都)
云南省社会科学院楚雄彝族文化研究所
【摘要】在当前全球化与本土化的既相互对立又相互依存的双向运动中,本土化越来越受到重视。毕摩文化是彝族先民数千年智慧的结晶,是彝族本土文化的重要组成部分。但在20世纪以来的民族国家的现代性建设中,毕摩文化一度受到严重摧残;而在当前经济全球化的浪潮中,毕摩文化更受到致命冲击。近年来,随着联合国教科文组织对世界文化遗产保护的强调,国内对文化多样性的认识也在逐步提高,毕摩文化的保护与传承成为凉山彝州、楚雄彝州以及红河、毕节等彝区政界与学界共同关注的问题。楚雄彝州毕摩文化保护经历了“落实政策”、“实地调查”和“系统编译出版《毕摩经全集》”三个发展阶段。目前已经启动的编译出版《毕摩经全集》100卷文化工程,由楚雄彝族文化研究所负责实施,其他彝区通力协作,这标志着彝族毕摩文化的保护工作已取得突破性进展。为了更有效地开展新世纪毕摩文化保护与传承工作,建议在立法保护、分层保护、活态保护和开发保护四个方面进一步制定完善的政策措施。
关键词: 毕摩文化 保护传承 政策措施
Abstract
Nowadays, more and more people attach great importance
to localization. Bimo Culture, which reflects the combined
intelligence of Nizu, is a very significant part in Nizu
culture localization. However, with the development of modernization,
Bimo culture has been vandalized since the 20th century.
In recent years, the recognition of the variety of culture
has been improved. As UNESCO puts emphasis on how to protect
cultural heritage, the protection of BiMo culture is put
on the agenda. In order to achieve the aim above, the author
suggests that immediate measures should be taken, including:
legislative protection, stratification protection, motivational
protection, and developmental protection.
Keywords: Bimo Culture─protection─measures
作者简介:
普珍(普黑乙都),女,1960年生,云南楚雄市人,彝族。1982年毕业于云南民族大学,获学士学位。现为云南省社会科学院楚雄彝族文化研究所研究员,兼任《彝族文化》常务副主编和《彝族文化研究丛书》副主编。独立出版专著三部:《中华创世葫芦》、《道家混沌哲学与彝族创世神话》、《彝族羊文化与吉符“卍、卐”》,另有合著及编著多部,发表各种彝学论文近50篇。专著和论文曾获云南省政府社科优秀成果奖和楚雄州政府社科优秀成果奖。
About the Author:
Pu Zhen (Puhe Yidu), female, was born in 1960 in Yunnan
province, Nizu. She got her bachelor’s degree from Yunnan
University for Nationalities. Now, she is a researcher at
Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences. So far, she has published
3 monographs and 50 papers, and won awards for excellence
at provincial and prefectural levels.
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