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试析凉山彝族家支活动的复兴
Analysis of the Revival of Clan Activity in Liangshan

  潘 蛟 Pan Jiao

  中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院

  【摘要】自80年代以来,家支组织在凉山彝区再度活跃起来,时而对基层行政构成妨碍。为此,有人惊呼凉山彝族社会“故态复萌”。通过对于1949年以前凉山彝族的社会组织特征,社会主义革命对它的改造,以及当前的家支活动特点进行回顾和分析,本文作者的结论是:尽管1949年以前的凉山社会的确可被看作是家支社会,但是,当下的家支复兴所反映的则是后毛泽东时代国家与社会的关系变化和调整(政社一体化的结束,国家与社会的逐渐分离),与其说它是彝人传统的复萌,倒不如说它是彝人的过去与毛泽东式革命、邓小平式改革的杂糅。

  关键词: 家支 传统复兴 后毛时代

  Abstract

  The Lineages have turned active again in the Liangshan Yi area since the 1980s and, in some situations, have handicapped the state’s administration at grass roots. Astonished at the scenes, some people warn the state that the old social forms of the Liangshan Yi are re-sprouting. Drawing on a review and analysis of the characteristics of the Yi social organization before 1949, the socialist reform of the society and characteristics of lineage activities at present, the author argues that, although the Yi society in Liangshan can be termed a lineage society before 1949, what the revival of the lineage at present reflects is the change and adjustment of the relations between the state and society in the post Maoist era, that is, the end of totalitarianism and gradual separation of the state and society. Instead of taking it simply as a recovery of Yi tradition, the author contends that the revival of lineages is a hybrid from the Yi’s past, Maoist revolutions and Dengist reforms.

  Keywords: lineage, revival of tradition, post-Maoist era


  作者简介:
  潘蛟(杰潘克古),1984年获中央民族大学历史学学士学位,1987年中国社会科学院民族学硕士学位,2000年中央民族大学民族学博士学位。自1987年在中央民族大学民族学系任教,1990年任讲师,1995年任副教授,2003年任教授。发表的论文涉及凉山彝族社会变迁,文化人类学史,族群认同与民族主义,旅游与文化表达等方面。

  About the Author:
  Pan Jiao (Jjipa Keggu) obtained his BA in history from the Central University of Nationalities in 1984, MA in ethnology from the Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 1987, Ph.D in ethnology from the Central University of Nationalities in 2000. He has been teaching in the Department of Ethnology, Central University of Nationalities, since 1987, lecturer in 1990, associate professor in 1995, full professor in 2003. His published essays involve the changes of Yi society, history of cultural anthropology, ethnicity and nationalism, tourism and cultural representation.

 

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