彝族史诗中的创世神话
Creation Myths in Yi Epics

　　陈国光 Chen Guoguang

　　中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院语言文学系

　　【摘要】《勒俄特依》、《梅葛》、《查姆》、《阿细的先基》和《天地祖先歌》是彝族地区五部很有代表性的史诗作品。从它们的创世神话中，我们可以发现一个原始的人类学与原始的宇宙学并肩而立，世界的起源问题与人类的起源问题难分难解地交织在一起的现象。这五部史诗对天地的形成和人类的起源做出了不尽相同的解释和回答，但都坚持从物质世界本身来说明物质世界的演化方向。彝族创世神话，实际上是彝族历史、社会生活、民族精神发展过程的神话式表达。

　　关键词: 彝族 史诗 创世神话

　　Abstract

　　Hnewo Teyy, Migu, Chamu, Axi Xijjie and Ancestral Song of the Heaven and Earth are the five masterpieces of most popular epics among the Yi people. In the creation myths recorded in these epics, an interesting fact is found that the origination of the world and the origination of human beings are mixed. As the issue of the creation of the universe and origination of human beings, each of these epic texts provides its own answer and explanation, while sharing the some point of view that the explanation of the evolution of the material should come from the material world itself. The author believes that the Yi creation mythology embodies, in fact, a cultural expression of the developing processes of the history, social life, and spiritual life of the Yi people.

　　Keywords: Yi people─epic─the creation myths

　　作者简介:
　　陈国光，男，彝族，四川凉山冕宁县人。1985年开始在中央民族大学讲授《现代彝文选》、《彝族文学史》、《彝族文化概论》等课程。先后发表有《从“西南彝志”看彝族先民的自然观》、《彝族毕摩与占卜》、《“玛木特依”的伦理思想》、《彝族“灵姆撮毕”与“指路经”研究》、《“尔比”对彝族妇女生活方式的规范》、《印度种姓制度与凉山彝族等级制》等几十篇论文。还参加了《彝文文献概论》、《中国少数民族文化大辞典》、《彝语基础课程》等著作的撰写。2000年至2001年曾在印度尼赫鲁大学社会学系担任访问学者。

　　About the Author:
　　Chen Guoguang, male, comes from Nuosu Yi, born in Mianning County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. He started his teaching career in the Central University for Ethnic Minorities in 1985, lecturing in Selection of Composition Yi Works, History of Yi Literature, A Brief Introduction to Yi Culture, etc. He published a dozen of papers, and coauthored 3 textbooks. During 2000 and 2001, he worked in the Department of Sociology in J.U.N of India as a visiting scholar.