彝族传统社区组织对自然资源的保护
Traditional Yi Community Organization and Preservation of Natural Resources

　　白史各 Bai Shige

　　凉山州民族研究所

　　【摘要】本研究通过对热柯觉村这一大凉山典型的高寒边远贫困山区的参与式调查，发现热柯觉村的家支组织对当地自然资源保护起着重要作用。家支组织在新时期与乡村基层政府组织相合作，在社区自然资源保护中相辅相成，相互促进。事实证明把当地的传统文化、民风民俗融入到自然资源的保护当中，建立一种民间组织更多参与的自然资源保护模式，对改变彝区贫穷落后的面貌，促进彝区发展意义重大。

　　关键词: 彝族 家支组织 自然资源 保护

　　Abstract

　　Through participating in the investigation of the Rekejue Village where is a typical high, cold and impoverished Yi ethnic minority area of Daliangshan, the author reveals that in recent years, Yi ethnic minority clans have been cooperating with the organizations of political power at the grass-roots level, supplementing and promoting each other in the protection of the community’s natural resources, among them the Yi clans of the Rekejue Village play an important role in the preservation of natural resources in the area. The facts have proved that making use of traditional culture, folklore and traditional ways handed down by the Yi and establishing a model for protecting natural resources that requesting nongovernmental organizations’ taking parting has great significance for putting an end to the backwardness and promoting development in the Yi Areas.

　　Keywords: Yi people─clan organization─natural resources─protection

　　作者简介:
　　白史各(沙马曲比史各嫫)，女，彝族，凉山州民族研究所助理研究员，文学学士学位，凉山州社会性别与艾滋病防制研究会会长。主要研究方向：社会性别与艾滋病，社区环境与发展。学术经历如下1) 2000年12月被聘为四川省中英性病、艾滋病防治合作项目专家库成员, 并参与该项目的工作；2) 2002年8月被凉山州人民政府评为凉山州2002年至2006年度学术和技术带头人后备人选； 3）2002年4月至2004年11月，申请主持福特基金会资助艾滋病预防控制项目“凉山彝族传统文化知识对艾滋病的防治及宣教、干预措施可持续发展研究”；4）2002年4月至2003年11月，申请主持云南生物多样性与传统知识研究会资助项目“彝族传统社区组织对自然资源的保护”；5）2003年3月，参加“福特基金会资助艾滋病预防控制项目交流会”；6）2001年2月22日，参加联合国禁毒署“妇女与毒品危害问题研讨会”；7）2000年9月，参加“第三届国际彝学研讨会”。2004年6月出版发行彝文著作《毒品预防读本》（成都，四川民族出版社）；代表性论文有《性病、艾滋病与宣传教育》（《四川彝学研究》第463页）和《彝族传统社区组织对自然资源的保护》（《中国西南民族社区资源管理的变化动态》126页）等。

　　About the Author:
　　Bai Shige（Shama Qubi Shyguomo）comes from Nuosu Yi. After received her Bachelor of Arts, she has been working at Liangshan Institute of Ethnic Studies as an Assistant Research Fellow. Now she is the Chair of Liangshan Research Society for Gender and Prevention/Cure of AIDS, and devotes herself to the study of Gnder and AIDS, Environment and Community Development. Her academic experiences list as below: 1) in Decemeber 2000, was invited to be a member of the Specialist Bank of Sino-British Cooperative Project for Preventing and Curing the Venereal Disease and AIDS in Sichuan Province; 2) in August 2002, was selected to be a candidate of the Academic and Technical Forerunners from 2002 to 2006 by the People’s Government of Liangshan Prefecture; 3) between April 2002 and November 2004, acted as leading member of Ford Foundation Project for Sustainable Development of Traditional Cultural Knowledge of Liangshan Nuosu Yi: Preventing and Curing AIDS with Publicizing, Educating and Intervening Measures; 4) from April 2002 to November 2003, gained grant from Yunnan Research Association for Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge, and hosted its Project of Traditional Yi Communities and Their Protecting Solutions to Natural Resources; 5) in March, 2003 attended the Exchanging Conference of the Projects for Preventing and Controling AIDS with the grant from Ford Foundation; 6) in Feb. 2001, attended the Symposium of Women and Drugs Harmfulness, which sponsored by the Office of Banning Drugs of the United Nations; 7) in Sept. 2000, attended the Third International Conference on Yi Studies. Reader of Preventing Drugs with Yi Written Language was published by Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House, 2004); Her major papers include “Venereal Disease, AIDS and Publicizing and Educating,” in Sichuan Yi Studies, and “Traditional Yi Communities and Their Protecting Solutions to Natural Resources,” in Changing Trend of Resources Managing in Ethnic Communities of Southwest China.